Reference Pricing Systems on the Pharmaceutical Market

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URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10900/85379
http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:21-dspace-853790
http://dx.doi.org/10.15496/publikation-26769
http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:21-dspace-853790
Dokumentart: Article
Date: 2018-12-18
Source: University of Tübingen Working Papers in Economics and Finance ; 115
Language: English
Faculty: 6 Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Fakultät
Department: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
DDC Classifikation: 330 - Economics
Keywords: Economics
Other Keywords:
reference pricing
pharmaceutical market
copayment
price cap
price competition
expenditures
consumer surplus
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Abstract:

Constantly rising expenditures for pharmaceuticals require government intervention in firms’ pricing decisions. To this end, reference pricing systems are a frequently employed regulatory mechanism. This paper considers a duopoly market with vertically differentiated firms under different competition types. Starting from the existing literature it can be confirmed that the introduction of a reference price leads to lower equilibrium prices and induces fiercer competition between firms. Further, it can be shown that reference pricing promotes generic usage and leads to an increased market coverage. Hence, an improved provision of medical supply is achieved due to the lower prices and the stimulated demand for drugs. The paper demonstrates that even under the increased demand consumer and insurance expenditures are reduced. The model isolates the mechanisms of reference pricing and shows the effects on the consumer decisions. Lastly, consumer surplus increases when implementing the regulation.

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