Abstract:
The identification of antigens and the generation of functional antigen specific cells is essential for an immunotherapeutic treatment of cancer patients or infections especially in immunocompromised patients.
The antigens SPAG4 and VEGF are both associated with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Therefore, one aim of this study was the in vitro generation and characterization of SPAG4- and VEGF-specific T cells.
So far, no SPAG4-derived peptides have been identified as natural MHC ligands, although SPAG4 is overexpressed in RCC. Accordingly, predicted HLA ligands should be verified as T cell epitopes. The peptides LLFQGLSVL (HLA-A*0201), GLLYLVSPL (HLA-A*0201) and GPSCGEPAL (HLA-B*0702) identified as T cell epitopes could not generate CD8+ T cell specifities capable of killing SPAG4-expressing cell lines. This indicates that these predicted T cell epitopes are no natural ligands. Contrary to this, the peptide SRFGGAVVR deriving from the VEGF protein was identified as natural ligand through mass spectrometry. In vitro generated SRFGGAVVR-specific T cells produced IFN gamma and killed efficiently VEGF-expressing cell lines. These findings confirm SRFGGAVVR as candidate epitope for immunotherapeutic approaches.
According to the reverse immunology approach, MHC class II ligands from Aspergillus fumigatus were predicted. Six peptides could be identified as T cell epitopes and were further functionally characterized. Each of these six T cell epitopes generated in vitro specific T cells showing the cytokine secretion pattern of TH1 cells. A couple of these TH1 cells secreted IFN gamma, TNF alpha, IL-2, were positive for the activation marker CD154 and consequently considered as multicytokine responders. Such multifunctional cells are required for an efficient in vivo immune response after adoptive transfer. Thus, the identified T cell epitopes are promising canditates for an immunotherapy approach.